Valve structure for gas engines



Dec. 6, 1932. s, HANSEN i gfl zfi VALVE STRUCTURE FOR GAS ENGINES Filed Feb. 27, 1931 4 Shasta-Sheet 1 .INVENTfiR. $52M E. HARE/EN.

I M w-m-wg ATTORNEYIS.

Dec. 6,1932. 5, HANSEN 1,890,326

VALVE STRUCTURE FOR GAS ENGINES Filed Feb. 27, 1951 4 Sheets-Sheet '2 l\ M I l 31 Z INVENTOR.

' 521w IhHANSEAY A TTORNEYS.

vAm/E STRUCTURE FOR GAS ENGINES Filed Feb. 27

1931 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 1N VEN TOR. SERNL 1i4NsEN ATTORNEYS.

.Bes. 5, H32. s. L. HANSEN 1,890,326

VALVE STRUCTURE FOR GAS ENGINES Filed Feb. 27, 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 2i Z INVENTOR.

' SEEN [.IZQNSEN ATTORNEYS.

Patented Dec. 6, 1932 smm' L: ansen, or CLEVELAND; 03m A LEN ' .vALvE sTnnc'runs FOIVGAS ENGINES j vApplicat irm ifiledllehruaryfg'i, [1931.5 Seria12iNo.':5 18;8.0..

This invention relates to an-improved'f'val ve structure for internal combustion engines, A I More specifically, ,this IIIYGIllZtOIl pertains to. a. rotatable 'hollow cylindrical; form. of

5 valve the-object being to devise. such. a valfi e structure of comparatively. simple and yet practical construction and operation. so; as; toel-iminate certain operating parts 'heretofor required in connection with the poppet w alve and to eliminate also. certain objectionable features incident thereto.

A further. ob ect consists -1n devising such.

avalve'structure in-which therforce of. the ex plosions within the: combustion chamber is 5 counterbalanced:upon the two sides of the intake :and exhaustvalves soasto .prevent any binding action of the; valves as a, result" thereof. g Another objectmonsists. in. devisingysuch aivalve structure in which there is provided asmeans within the. exhaust ivalvefon aba sorbing: the heat of the exhaust isoasetore-y 'lieve. the exhaust. valverfrolnr detrimental ef-: fects ,1 to which: it might 3 otherwise be. .suba

25 jected. 3 Other objects will. appear fromthe following description and claims I-when considered together with the. accompanying, drawings. Fig;j1 is a vertical transversesectional iew 39 of myimproved construction; Fig,v Zis a sectional view-taken on line 272:f Fig. 1; Fig.1 3 is a partial plan. Niewof the exhaust Valve member Fig; 4; ;-is .-anend View thereof; F-ig. M 5 is aapartialxplan View ofithe intake-valve member; Fig. 6 is anrend-zviewwthereof; Fig, 7 .1 is; a. plan: .view. of the. heat-absorbing. me-E dium; Fig. 8 is a iview; ofgone end thereof;

Fig. 9is. a plan View. of'therflange member. A0 which is adaptedto be'attached to the other end' of *the heat-absorbing medium Fig; :10 is aside elevation with parts broken away Fig. 11 is an end view th'ereofa; and 'Figrl2 illustrates the hand-operatedmeans upon the .5 dash of the automobile for adjusting the-positi'ons of the exhaustcontr'olmeans: v p

It is to berunderstood'thati the prese t dis closure is merely for-purposes of. illustration and that othjeii'modifications and variations 50. maybe made -;wi.thoat"de rting froin'the spirit of the present invention ,asherei'ri forth. 1'

The explosion chamber 1,v .Qf as. there-imay be adoptedtany number desiredasinrany other engine construction,ha sthepiston.2 fon operationv in the "u'sualHmannen. Theexplor:

sion chambers, throughout .the. whole extent of the engine block are .surroundedby the water jacket fi and the rheadjof the. engine;

block'issurroundedfalsoflby the water jacket 4;. As'willbe seen(from,thefpresentjdissx closure; there is .affdrdedI'maXirhurh. degree of space for the waterchambers and as .a result,

the cooling efficiency. of "the engine is. of fa.- comparatively highdegree. "TheheadlQ lthe:

engine block is providedwithoppositely'disi posed parallel valve casings ofrsubs'tantiallj I cylindrical form whichextend lengthwise of the .engineythefzwalls .of 'th'esef valae" casings being indicated by reference numeral. 5 I. for the intake andfi for the exhaust; Comn'nmi cation between the explosion. chambers land the. inside offlthe value casings .5 and is.

affordedlby means of the passages Tand 8, I

which I extend from thetopposite upperiends of theezplosion chamber in eachrcase ,tO dir a'metrically' opposite points at the-sides ofthe :valvemasings 5 and 6. V For. this" same purpose,..there is provided also. ma mals passage .9'from thetop of the zexplosion cham her 1, this passage extending laterallfizso to communicate with both the intake andfi e'x haiist yalve chambers," as clearly indicated by reference numerals l0and1lin Fig: 1.'. The openingslof "these passages at'their upper endsare-so arranged that they are 'di'ametri-l cally disposed withwelationto the passages 7 'and 8; as dearly indicated in the drawings.

The sparkplug l2 which is provided 61 each'cylinderas lll'tl le usualmanner, is ppsitioned directly above the passa es and'i tli'e. timing ,of thesparking will be eife'cte'dji'n the same manner with respect tothe.cycIeof'Opf 'erations of the valves and 'pistons as'in the I (well known.v operation of internal;combustion engmes.

The .intak'elralve 13 consists wartime cylindrical metal member which is "adapted for rotatable operation .in snug engagement with. its seat :provided in -tli'e corresppirdihg 7 part of the valve casing 5. The valve mem- 7' her isprovided with a plurality of pairs of diametrically disposed ports 14 so positioned as to register in proper tlmed operation with the diametrically disposed ends of the passages 7 and 10 so as to afford communication between the intake valve and the explosion chamber in each case. Thus, there is prov vided a. pair of such ports 14 for each explosion chamber and the valve member 13 is rot'ated in proper timed relation with respect I to the movements of the piston 2 so as to bring the difierent pairs of openings 14 into proper registry with the oppositely di'sposed passage openings 7 and 10. V

As a means of supplying the combustible gas to the interior of the valve 13 and thence through the passages 7 and 10 to the combustion chamber 1, there are provided the vertically extending passages 15 through the top part of the casing head 4, the passages 15 all having: communication through the corresponding openings or passages 16 with the intake manifold 17.

v 7 Thus, the intake manifoldl7=has means of direct communication with each: ofthe explosion chambers 1 through the'corresponding ports 14 in the valve for the'purposeof supplying the combustib'le gas to the explosion chambers acac cording to the properly timed operations of the engine. It will-be observed that only one pair of ports 14 will be in open position at onetime and that as eachpair of ports 14 is in such position, one of'theothe'r valve ports will'be, in registry with the passages 15 and 16 so as to permit entrance of the gas to the interior ofthe valve member 13. I

'The intake manifold 17 extends longitudinallyal'ong the top of the casing head 4'to which it is suitably secured and is extended I downwardly along the side of the engine, as

'clearly indicated in Figs. 10 and 11, they a be connected.

lower end of the manifold, as indicated'in the present case, being provided with the anthrough the chain connection 21, is adapted to drive the shaft 22 and the sprocket 23' car- 'ried thereupon. The sprocket chain 24 which a is driven thereby is adapted in turn to rotate the sprocket 25 which is fixed upon the end of thehollow valve member 13 for rotation thereof. 2 The extreme end portion of the valve member 13 has suitable bearing in the endcasing member 26 which is suitably secured to the head of the engine blockat the i end thereof. .Likewise,at its otherend the tubular'v'alve member 13 will be suitably supported for rotatable movement within the end casing member 27 which is also suit ably secured'to the oppositeend of the head of theengine block.

The hub of the sprocket 25 is provided also with the gear 28 which meshes with the gear 29 which is fixedlymounted upon the one end 1 portion of the rotatable exhaust valve mem.- ber 30 which operates within the casing 6. The valve member 30 is .asubs'tantial duplicateof the valve member 13 and is provided with the pairs of-oppositely disposed ports 30 for communication therethrough for the purpose of. discharging 1 the exhaust. gases through the passages 8 and 9 into and out through the valve 30. As above. stated,"the ports of the valve member30'wil1 be brought into registry with the passa'ges 8 and9 at properly timed intervals with respect to the other operations of the engine, as before explained. The extreme ends of-the valve valve, there extend the'arms 31 and 32 of the exhaust ,manifold which-is extended'both upwardly and downwardly. The, upwardly extending portions surround the intake manifold 17 for the purpose of effecting a; preliminary heating of the combustible gas member some suitably mounted for rotatable movement in the end casing members 26 and 27. t From the two ends of the exhaust prior to its admission to the combustion manifold isindicated byreference numeral 33iwhile the downwardly extending portion 2' of the exhaust manifold is indicated by reference numeral 34. All ofthese several arms chamber. This jacket portion ofthe exhaust;

33 and 34 of the exhaust manifold are comf bined togetherinto the pipe 35 which extends to the point of actual discharge of the exhaust. a As a means of controlling the passage of theexhaust so asto divert'a portionof the.

same through the jacket 33 and thereby heat theintake manifold '17,*I have provided the valve members 36 and 37 which are pivoted in the'unitaryexhaust pipe 35 and whichare so arranged that either one but only one of them can be closed at any given time. The valve members'36 and 37 are located below the i points of entrance of the two exhaust branches, respectively, which are separated at thispoint by partition 35*, and are provicled with the lever: arms 36 and 37 for the purpose of adjusting the same; and these arms whichextend to the outside of the manifold 35,- are each providedvwith a rod connection 38. As indicated in Fig. 11, the arms 36 and'37f are so positioned with respect to each other that in order to close one of them,

it is necessary that the other be open. The

ends ofthelevers38 are located upon the dash of the automobile so as to be readily accessible v for handadjustment in the manner explained and as indicated in Fig. .12. These levers-may be held inset position by friction or by meansofzta tension spring iifso. desired; In Iii-gill, the valves36 .ands37 areboth open.

AEStliIIlflfiIlS- oirabsorbing and-carrying off the. intense heat to; which the, exhaust valve member- WOH-ldOtl'lBIW lSG be subjected, I

have positioned. therewithinthe stationary,

longitudinally extending, tubular member of suitable material whichiorthe most part spaced from the valveymember 30, as ind catedin Fig.1, but whichin the regions upon the two sides of; thediametrically disposed openings 40, contactszthe innerl surface ofthe valve member 3.0. The-openings 40 are so positioned a-sto permit registry of'the. valve ports 30 ofzthe exhaust valve member therewith during exhaust of the gases from the ex plosion chamber. 1. The spacing of the member 39 from the. valve member 30 will-prevent conduction of'thej heat, and furthermore, the space itself will serve as wheat-insulating medium for this. purpose.- At the same time, the C ntact between the restricted portions oftthemember 39 with the valve member will; prevent passage, of the exhaust gases into, the intermediate air space just referred to. i

i The heat-absorbing member 39 is'also provided with a vertically disposed and diametricallyextending hafiie 41 which serves to stillLf urther' absorb the heat of the exhaust gases by virtue of the-increased exposed surface area and whichalsoserves to'intercept the-full force andtheat ctthe exhaust gases as they enter through theopposite ends of the passagesS and 11. a

end portion of the heat-absorbing; member 39 and this annular member 42 is clamped in j fixed position between-the endcasing member 31 and the casing member26to which-the same-is attached, The member 42; will seat imacorrespondingly shaped space so as to prevent rotation orother movement thereof. The annular member 43: is seated in asimilar manner.between the end of the casing head and the casing member 27. The inner edge ofthe annular member3is of irregular form soasto prevent relative movement between such member andthe heat-absorbing member torwhich it isattached. V i

'In the present form of construction, the

intake andv exhaust valves are operateddi- .rectly from the crank 'shaftwith the elimination ,ofc'ertain of the operating parts which are now; required in connection with the fanniliar formof poppet valve. Thus, with the present construction, there is eliminated the nece si y e1: cam ha t tappe sb pringsh nv 'le ns whichare req iredin th other ty qr V perfect seating which" me gr a er P WB a from this invention;resides-in; theiactthat' valve. E th rmm' y'. th ap ese ti fermei valveis-i eeof carbon ndopera es with g sider blyi reas d-qu etness; A sort ep s: ent; valve construction; ensures more nearly The. necessity of; grinding the valves ,is entirelyeliminatedas Well. 1 p .i One f prineinal a van g s esu i the exhaust gases aregimpingedi with; their impact upon diametrically opposite. sides i the rotatable valve members .whichare there:

fore notgsubjected to any, undue impa-Qt: upon either side thereof, or at. anypoint thereof, 7 This meansthatthese valves are-freefof any binding action withitheisri' alve casings asmight" otherwise occur, Thus, smOoth and eflicient operation ofthegrotatable valve members is insured nth :oughout: a-n inidefinite 1 period 0t time. Y

. With th heat-absorbing meta tases 7 in the exhaustsvalve, thisavalve islrelievedkof v the excessive degree ofl'heat to which it=would otherwise'be subj ected and which would otherwise result in undue consumption0f the lubricating meansibetweenthe valve and its casingseat. Thus, ther'eis insured-increased life of the parts as well as: improved manner of'operation.

' The. bafile alrserves also as aineansA-ot re- 3 inforcing the heat absorbingi member 39 and is here shown as being formedrjintegrally therewith and henceof" therssame metal! or other material which may be selected for this a member. For instance, sheet-or cast, metal maybe'employed; i

it'h the present construction, the crank shaftand valves will be rotated at -a 'ratio oi' four toone; that is, the valves will *rotate only, one' fou rth asfastas the crank shaft. 5 This comparatively slowspeedof thegvaive rotation means less power for producing such rotation and also less wearfbetween'theparts. Hence this feature also "contributes were efficiency and long-life oitheengine") E" Other advantageswill suggestj't'hen sel'ves v to those who are skilledl'in "the art.

Any and all modifications are intended to be comprehended by the following claims which are therefore not to'be construedfin limited sense; 7 WhatId j' In an internal combustion engine 'the combination of a piston chamber,'separateintake and exhaustva-lves therefor, eachofsa d valves comprising acyllndrical cas nghaving diametrically disposed port openings there 7 through and communicating with said chamher, and comprising also a rotatable, hollow,

and having diametrically disposed openings therethrough for registry with said port OPGIllIlgS, means ofxcommunication between the inside lof each of said valve members the outside of'said casin'g for-intakefand'iexcylindrical valve memberwithin said casing a;

haust,'and means for rotating saidfvalve members in properly timed sequence, said valves being so constructed and operated that the impact of the "explosions individually upon j the valves. will be counter-balanced upon diametrically-opposite sides of eachof said valves.

-2.fIn an internal combustion engine, the combination of ablock having a plurality of piston; chambers, intake and exhaust valves 'for each of the chambers, each valve having a cylindrical casing in said block, and a rotatable, hollow, cylindrical valve member in said i casing, each of said chambers having ports affording communication between the same and the outer sides of: the intake and exhaustvalve casings and having also an intermediate port aflording communication between the same and the inner sides of the inametricall-y' disposed with respect to said take. and exhaust valve-casings at points difirst-mentioned ports, intake and exhaust means of communication w1th the ntake and exhaust valves respectively, said'valve mem} her in each case 'havlng diametricallydis- I posed parts for each chamber,'and means for spaced thereabout,'and said valves being .so constructed and operated that while one'valvc operatingsaid valve members so as-to successively bring intoregistry the valve ports with said diametrically disposed ports, the-ports of each of said valve members being equ'i is open, communication will. be afforded for the same valvethrou'gh' its intake or exhaust port by the simultaneous registry therewith of aort of another of said valves, said valve mem ers consisting of a single rotatable member for each set of intakeand exhaust valves respectively, each of said valve members having a pair of diametrically disposed openings therethroughfor registry with each set of port openings, said valves being so con- 7 ;structed and operatedthat the impact of the explosions upon the valves will be counterbalanced upon diametrically opposite sides of each'of said valves. I I

3. In an internal combustion engine, the

combination of a pistonichamber, intake and exhaust valves therefor, eachof said valves respectively comprising a cylindrical casing having diametricallydisposed port openings therethrough and communicating with said chamber, and a rotatable,hollow, cylindrical valve member within said casing and having diametrically disposed openings therethrough for registry withsaid port openings,n1eans ;of communication betweenthe inside of each 1 member.

of said valve members andthe outside of said casing forintake and exhaust, means for ro-' tating said valve members, said valves being so constructed and operated that the impact of the explosions upon the valves will be counter-balanced 7 ,upon or diametrically opposite sides ofeach of said valves, and heat-absorb g g means within. the rotatable exhaust valve 4. In an internal combustion engine,pthe combination of a piston chamber, intake and exhaust valves therefor, each of said valves respectively comprisinga cylindrical casing having diametrically disposed port openings being so constructed and operated that the impact of the explosions upon the valves will be counter-balanced upon diametrically opposite sides of each of said valves, and heat-' absorbing means located within the rotatable exhaust valve member and in the path of the exhaust from said'port openings. 5; In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a piston chamber, intake and exhaust valves therefor, each offlsaid valves respectively comprising a cylindrical casing having diametrically disposed port openings therethrough and communicating, with said chamber, and a rotatable, hollow, cylindrical valve member within said casing and having diametrically disposed openings therethrough for registry with said port openings,

means of 1 communication between the 1 inside of each of said valve members and the'outside of'said casing for intake and exhaust, means for rotating said valve members, said valves being so constructed andoperated'that the impact of the explosions .upon the valves will be counter-balanced upon diametrically opposite sides ofeach of said valves, and heatabsorbing meanslocated Within the rotatable exhaust valve member and extending about 7 the innersurface thereof.

6. In'an internal combustion engine, the" combination of a piston chamber, intake and exhaust valves therefor, each-of said Ivalves respectively comprising a cylindrical casing having diametrically disposed port openings .therethrough and communicating with said chamber, and a rotatable, hollow, cylindrical valve member within said casing and having diametrically disposed openings therethrough for registry with said port openings, means of communication between the inside of 'eachof said valve members and the2outside of said casing for intake and exhaust,

means for rotating said valvejmembers, said valves being so constructed and operated that the impact of the'explosions upon the valves will be counter-balanced upondiametrically opposite sides ofeach of said valves, and

heat-absorbing means located within the irotatable exhaust valve member and compris- :ing a fixed tubular member having opp' o sitely disposed openings in registry with the saidport openings'and having abaflle means extending diametrically therea-cross in the path of the exhaust as it enters through said port openings. i

7. In an internal combustion engine, the

combination of a piston chamber, intake and exhaust valves therefor, each of said valves respectively comprising a cylmdrical casing having diametrically disposed port openings therethrough and communicating with said chamber, and a rotatable, hollow, cylindrical valve memberwithin said casing and having diametrically disposed openings therethrough for registry with said'port openings,

means of communication between the inside of each of said valve members and the outside of said casing for intake and exhaust, means for rotating said valve members, said valves being so constructed and operated that the impact of the explosions upon the valves will be counter-balanced upon diametrically opposite sides of each of said valves, and. heat-absorbing means within the rotatable o exhaust valve member and spaced therefrom.

In witness whereof I hereby afiix my sigi nature. i a

SERN L. HANSEN, 

